Patient interview

How to interview a patient with rectal bleeding

Other platforms explain it with text and video. In VMS you practice it on the patient.

MD / DOPANursing (NCLEX)
Practice it in VR with Blocky

Bright red blood on the paper is often hemorrhoids, but a large bleed or bleeding with weight loss needs fast action.

Step by step

  1. Check stability

    Dizziness, fainting, fast pulse or low blood pressure means call for help first. [1]

  2. Introduce yourself and get consent

    Ask permission to talk about bowel habits. [2]

  3. Color and amount

    Bright red on paper, mixed in stool, dark red, or black and tarry (bleeding higher up). [3]

  4. Pain

    Pain on passing stool suggests a fissure; painless bleeding can be hemorrhoids or something more serious. [3]

  5. Bowel changes and weight

    Change in habit, thin stools, weight loss, fatigue. [1]

  6. Medicines and history

    Blood thinners, aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs, past colonoscopy, family history of colon cancer. [1]

  7. Summarize and plan

    Explain the exam (including rectal exam) and next tests. [2]

Common errors

Practice it in VMS

In VMS you do this on the patient, not on paper: every step goes on the checklist with a score, and in Teach mode Blocky tells you what comes next.

VMS cases that train this skill

Sources

  1. NCCPA PANCE Content Blueprint
  2. AAMC Core Entrustable Professional Activities (Core EPAs)
  3. NBOME COMLEX-USA clinical presentations

Facts and steps follow NBOME COMLEX-USA clinical presentations; NCCPA PANCE Content Blueprint; AAMC Core Entrustable Professional Activities (Core EPAs). VMS is not affiliated with these organizations. Updated: 2026-10-11.